What is the main function of the capital market?

The capital market serves a crucial role in the economy by facilitating the raising of capital for long-term investments. This market is primarily composed of financial instruments that cover intervals longer than one year, such as stocks and bonds. Organizations, including corporations and governments, utilize the capital market to secure funding necessary for expansion, development of new projects, or other long-term financial needs.

By enabling investors to purchase these instruments, the capital market promotes capital allocation to productive uses, fostering economic growth and stability. Long-term investments are essential for businesses looking to innovate or expand, allowing them to finance assets that will pay off over an extended period. This differentiates the capital market from money markets, which focus on short-term financing solutions. Additionally, while direct lending and stock price regulation are functions related to financial markets, they are not the central purpose of the capital market itself.